September 22

September 22 is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 100 days remaining until the end of the year.

It is frequently the day of the Autumnal Equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Vernal Equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

Events

• 66 – Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica.
• 1236 – The Lithuanians and Semigallians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in the Battle of Saule.
• 1499 – Treaty of Basel: Switzerland becomes an independent state.
• 1586 – Battle of Zutphen: Spanish victory over England and Dutch.
• 1598 – Ben Jonson is indicted for manslaughter.
• 1692 – Last people hanged for witchcraft in the United States.
• 1761 – George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are crowned King and Queen of the Great Britain.
• 1776 – Nathan Hale is hanged for spying during American Revolution.
• 1784 – Russia establishes a colony at Kodiak, Alaska.
• 1789 – The office of United States Postmaster General is established.
• 1789 – Battle of Rymnik establishes Alexander Suvorov as a pre-eminent Russian military commander after his allied army defeat superior Ottoman Empire forces.
• 1792 – Primidi Vendémiaire of year 1 of the French Republican Calendar.
• 1823 – Joseph Smith, Jr. claims that he is directed by God through the Angel Moroni to the place where the Golden plates were buried.
• 1851 – The city of Des Moines, Iowa is incorporated as Fort Des Moines.
• 1862 – Slavery in the United States: a preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.
• 1866 – Battle of Curupaity in the War of the Triple Alliance.
• 1869 – Richard Wagner's opera Das Rheingold premieres in Munich.
• 1885 – Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to Home Rule e.g. "Ulster will fight and Ulster will be right".
• 1888 – The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published
• 1893 – The first American-made automobile, built by the Duryea Brothers, is displayed.
• 1896 – Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
• 1908 – The independence of Bulgaria is proclaimed.
• 1910 – The Duke of York's Picture House opens in Brighton, now the oldest continually operating cinema in Britain.
• 1919 – The steel strike of 1919, led by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
• 1927 – Jack Dempsey loses the "Long Count" boxing match to Gene Tunney.
• 1934 – An explosion takes place at Gresford Colliery in Wales, leading to the deaths of 266 miners and rescuers.
• 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.
• 1939 – Joint victory parade of Wehrmacht and Red Army in Brest-Litovsk at the end of the Invasion of Poland.
• 1941 – World War II: On Jewish New Year Day, the German SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. Those are the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.
• 1944 – World War II: the Red Army enters Tallinn.
• 1951 – The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
• 1955 – In the United Kingdom, the television channel ITV goes live for the first time.
• 1960 – The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.
• 1965 – The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 (also known as the Second Kashmir War) between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, ends after the UN calls for a cease-fire.
• 1970 – Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia.
• 1975 – Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is foiled by Oliver Sipple.
• 1979 – The Vela Incident (also known as the South Atlantic Flash) is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.
• 1980 – Iraq invades Iran.
• 1985 – The Plaza Accord is signed in New York City.
• 1991 – The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time by the Huntington Library.
• 1993 – A barge strikes a railroad bridge near Mobile, Alabama, causing the deadliest train wreck in Amtrak history. 47 passengers are killed.
• 1993 – A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
• 1995 – An E-3B AWACS crashes outside Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska after multiple bird strikes to two of the four engines soon after takeoff; all 24 on board are killed.
• 1995 – Nagerkovil school bombing, is carried out by Sri Lankan Air Force in which at least 34 die, most of them ethnic Tamil school children.
• 2003 – David Hempleman-Adams becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic Ocean in an open-air, wicker-basket hot air balloon.
• 2006 – The F-14 Tomcat is retired from the United States Navy.

Births

• 1515 – Anne of Cleves, wife of Henry VIII of England (d. 1557)
• 1547 – Philipp Nikodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (d. 1590)
• 1593 – Matthäus Merian, Swiss engraver (d. 1650)
• 1601 – Anne of Austria, queen of Louis XIII of France (d. 1666)
• 1606 – Li Zicheng, emperor of China (d. 1645)
• 1680 – Barthold Heinrich Brockes, German poet (d. 1747)
• 1694 – Philip Dormer Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, English statesman (d. 1773)
• 1715 – Jean-Étienne Guettard, French physician and scientist (d. 1786)
• 1717 – Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin, Swedish astronomer (d. 1783)
• 1722 – John Home, Scottish writer (d. 1808)
• 1741 – Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist (d. 1811)
• 1743 – Quintin Craufurd, British author (d. 1819)
• 1765 – Paolo Ruffini, Italian mathematician (d. 1822)
• 1788 – Theodore Edward Hook, English author (d. 1841)
• 1791 – Michael Faraday, English scientist (d. 1867)
• 1819 – Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian (d. 1897)
• 1829 – Tự Đức, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1883)
• 1869 – Adrien-Maurice-Victurnien-Mathieu, 8th duc de Noailles (d. 1953)
• 1875 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian painter and composer (d. 1911)
• 1876 – André Tardieu, Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
• 1878 – Yoshida Shigeru, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1967)
• 1880 – Dame Christabel Pankhurst, English suffragist (d. 1958)
• 1882 – Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal (d. 1946)
• 1885 – Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect (d. 1940)
• 1885 – Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1951)
• 1885 – Erich von Stroheim, Austrian-born actor (d. 1957)
• 1889 – Hooks Dauss, American baseball player (d. 1963)
• 1891 – Hans Albers, German actor and singer (d. 1960)
• 1892 – Billy West (silent film actor), American silent film actor (d. 1975)
• 1895 – Paul Muni, Polish-born actor (d. 1967)
• 1896 – Uri Zvi Grinberg, Israeli poet and journalist (d. 1981)
• 1896 – Henry Segrave, British racing driver (d. 1930)
• 1898 – Katherine Alexander, American actress (d. 1981)
• 1900 – William Spratling, American silversmith (d. 1967)
• 1900 – Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (d. 1985)
• 1901 – Charles B. Huggins, Canadian-born scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)
• 1902 – John Houseman, Romanian-born actor (d. 1988)
• 1903 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (d. 1971)
• 1904 – Ellen Church, American stewardess (d. 1965)
• 1905 – Eugen Sänger, Austrian aerospace engineer (d. 1964)
• 1905 – Haakon Lie, Norwegian politician (d. 2009)
• 1907 – Philip Fotheringham-Parker, British racing driver (d. 1981)
• 1907 – Hermann Schlichting, German fluid dynamics engineer (d. 1982)
• 1909 – John Engstead, American photographer (d. 1983)
• 1910 – György Faludy, Hungarian poet (d. 2006)
• 1912 – Martha Scott, American actress (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Herbert Mataré, German physicist and European co-inventor of the transistor
• 1915 – Arthur Lowe, British actor (d. 1982)
• 1918 – Hans Scholl, German anti-Nazi activist (d. 1943)
• 1918 – Henryk Szeryng, Polish-born violinist (d. 1988)
• 1920 – Eric Baker, British human rights activist (d. 1976)
• 1920 – Bob Lemon, American baseball player (d. 2000)
• 1920 – William H. Riker, American political scientist (d. 1993)
• 1920 – Anders Lassen, Danish military officer (d. 1945)
• 1922 – Chen Ning Yang, Chinese-born physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1923 – Dannie Abse, Welsh poet and writer
• 1924 – Charles Keeping, British illustrator (d. 1988)
• 1924 – Rosamunde Pilcher, English novelist
• 1925 – Virginia Capers, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1926 – Leila Hadley, American travel writer and socialite (d. 2009)
• 1927 – Gordon Astall, English footballer
• 1927 – Tommy Lasorda, American baseball manager
• 1928 – Eric Broadley, MBE, British automotive engineer (Lola Cars)
• 1928 – James Lawson, American minister and civil rights activist
• 1928 – Eugene Roche, American actor (d. 2004)
• 1929 – Serge Garant, French Canadian conductor (d. 1986)
• 1930 – P. B. Sreenivas, Indian Play-back singer
• 1931 – Fay Weldon, British feminist
• 1931 – George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, British politician (d. 2003)
• 1931 – Manzoor Ahmad, Pakistani philosopher
• 1932 – Ingemar Johansson, Swedish boxer (d. 2009)
• 1933 – T. Cullen Davis, American oil heir and accused murderer
• 1934 – Lute Olson, American basketball coach
• 1934 – Jack McGregor, American lawyer and politician
• 1936 – Maurice Evans, English footballer and manager (d. 2000)
• 1938 – Gene Mingo, American football player
• 1939 – Gilbert Earl Patterson, American minister (d. 2007)
• 1940 – Anna Karina, Danish born actress
• 1941 – Jeremiah Wright, American pastor
• 1942 – David Stern, American basketball commissioner
• 1943 – Toni Basil, American singer
• 1946 – King Sunny Ade, Nigerian singer
• 1946 – Dan Baker, American public address announcer
• 1946 – Larry Dierker, American baseball player and manager
• 1947 – Robert Morace, American writer
• 1948 – Denis Burke, Australian politician
• 1948 – Jim Byrnes, American actor and musician
• 1949 – Jim Keith, American conspiracy theorist and author (d. 1999)
• 1949 – Jim McGinty, Australian politician
• 1950 – Kirka, Finnish singer (d. 2007)
• 1951 – David Coverdale, English singer
• 1952 – Bob Goodlatte, American politician
• 1952 – Paul Le Mat, American actor
• 1952 – Gary Holton, English actor and musician (d. 1985)
• 1952 – M.R. Sukhumbhand Paribatra, Thai politician, current Governor of Bangkok
• 1953 – Ségolène Royal, French politician
• 1954 – Shari Belafonte, American singer, actor, model
• 1954 – Randy Lanier, American racing driver
• 1955 – Jeffrey Leonard, Major League baseball player
• 1956 – Debby Boone, American singer
• 1956 – Masayuki Suzuki, Japanese singer (Rats & Star)
• 1957 – Nick Cave, Australian musician
• 1957 – Johnette Napolitano, American musician
• 1957 – Giuseppe Saronni, Italian cyclist
• 1958 – Andrea Bocelli, Italian tenor
• 1958 – Neil Cavuto, American television commentator
• 1958 – Joan Jett, American rock-and-roll singer
• 1959 – Tai Babilonia, American figure skater
• 1959 – Pope Michael, American anti-pope
• 1960 – Ernest Martin, American convicted murderer (d. 2003)
• 1961 – Scott Baio, American actor
• 1961 – Vince Coleman, American baseball player
• 1961 – Dr. Liam Fox, British politician
• 1961 – Bonnie Hunt, American actress
• 1961 – Catherine Oxenberg, British actress
• 1961 – Marq Torien, American Rock singer (BulletBoys)
• 1961 – Michael Torke, American composer
• 1962 – Diogo Mainardi, Brazilian writer
• 1964 – Juha Turunen, Finnish politician turned criminal
• 1965 – Andy Cairns, Irish musician
• 1965 – Tony Drago, Maltese snooker player
• 1965 – Mark Guthrie, American baseball player
• 1965 – Robert Satcher, American Astronaut
• 1966 – Moustafa Amar, Egyptian singer
• 1966 – Stefan Rehn, Swedish footballer
• 1966 – Mike Richter, American ice hockey player
• 1967 – Matt Besser, American comedian
• 1967 – Rickard Rydell, Swedish racing driver
• 1967 – Félix Savón, Cuban boxer
• 1967 – Ecaterina Szabo, Romanian gymnast
• 1967 – Kim Watkins, Australian television presenter
• 1969 – Matt Sharp, American musician (Weezer, The Rentals)
• 1969 – Tuomas Kantelinen, Finnish composer
• 1970 – Mike Matheny, American baseball player
• 1970 – Mystikal, American rapper
• 1970 – Rupert Penry-Jones, British actor
• 1970 – Emmanuel Petit, French footballer
• 1971 – Elizabeth Bear, American author
• 1971 – Chesney Hawkes, English singer
• 1971 – Princess Märtha Louise of Norway
• 1972 – Dana Vespoli, American porn actress
• 1974 – Bob Sapp, American boxer and kickboxer
• 1974 – Yoo Chae-yeong, South Korean singer and actress
• 1975 – Ethan Moreau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1975 – Svilen Noev, Bulgarian singer-songwriter
• 1975 – Roberto Flores, Chicano rapper and music producer
• 1976 – David Berkeley, American singer-songwriter
• 1976 – Ronaldo, Brazilian Footballer
• 1977 – Paul Sculthorpe, English rugby league footballer
• 1978 – Ed Joyce, Irish-English cricketer
• 1978 – Harry Kewell, Australian soccer player
• 1979 – Emilie Autumn, American singer and musician
• 1979 – Swin Cash, American basketball player
• 1979 – Michael Graziadei, American actor
• 1980 – Fernanda Tavares, Brazilian model
• 1980 – Ray Foley, Award winning Irish radio personality
• 1981 – Subaru Shibutani, Japanese singer (Kanjani8)
• 1982 – Mandy Chiang, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1982 – Kosuke Kitajima, Japanese swimmer
• 1982 – Billie Piper, English singer and actress
• 1982 – Maarten Stekelenburg, Dutch footballer
• 1984 – Theresa Fu, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1984 – Eduardo Rubio, Chilean footballer
• 1984 – Laura Vandervoort, Canadian actress
• 1985 – Matteo Cavagna, Italian footballer
• 1985 – Faris Haroun, Belgian footballer
• 1987 – Tom Felton, English actor
• 1988 – Bethany Dillon, American musician
• 1988 – Adam Lazzara, American musician Taking Back Sunday
• 1993 – Chase Ellison, American actor

Deaths

• 1072 – Ouyang Xiu, Chinese historian and scholar-official (b. 1007)
• 1253 – Dogen, Japanese Zen Buddhist (b. 1200)
• 1345 – Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (b. 1281)
• 1399 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1366)
• 1520 – Selim I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1465)
• 1539 – Guru Nanak Dev, founder of Sikhism (b. 1469)
• 1554 – Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Spanish explorer (b. 1510)
• 1566 – Johannes Agricola, German Protestant reformer (b. 1494)
• 1607 – Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (b. 1535)
• 1658 – Georg Philipp Harsdorffer, German poet (b. 1607)
• 1662 – John Biddle, English theologian (b. 1615)
• 1692 – Martha Corey, hanged as a result of the Salem witch trials
• 1703 – Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and scientist (b. 1622)
• 1774 – Pope Clement XIV (b. 1705)
• 1776 – Nathan Hale, American Revolutionary War captain, hanged by the British as a spy (b. 1755)
• 1777 – John Bartram, American botanist (b. 1699)
• 1828 – Shaka, Accredited as being the most influential leader of the Zulu Empire (b. 1787)
• 1852 – William Tierney Clark, English civil engineer (b. 1783)
• 1868 – Byakkotai, A group of 19 young Japanese with the samurai corps of Aizu-Han who committed suicide.
• 1872 – Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (b. 1801)
• 1873 – Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1801)
• 1881 – Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (b. 1831)
• 1914 – Alain-Fournier, French writer (b. 1886)
• 1952 – Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, first President of Finland (b. 1865)
• 1956 – Frederick Soddy, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
• 1957 – Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
• 1961 – Marion Davies, American actress (b. 1897)
• 1969 – Adolfo López Mateos, president of Mexico (b. 1909)
• 1981 – Harry Warren, American composer and lyricist (b. 1893)
• 1987 – Dan Rowan, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
• 1988 – Rais Amrohvi, Pakistani poet and psychoanalyst (b. 1914)
• 1989 – Irving Berlin, American songwriter (b. 1888)
• 1992 – Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player (b. 1948)
• 1993 – Maurice Abravanel, Greek-born conductor (b. 1903)
• 1996 – Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Canadian ballet dancer and director (b. 1924)
• 1996 – Dorothy Lamour, American actress (b. 1914)
• 1999 – George C. Scott, American actor (b. 1927)
• 2000 – Rodney Anoa'i (Yokozuna), American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
• 2000 – Saburo Sakai, Japanese aviator, (b. 1916)
• 2001 – Isaac Stern, Ukrainian violinist (b. 1920)
• 2002 – Jan de Hartog, Dutch-born writer (b. 1914)
• 2003 – Gordon Jump, American television actor (b. 1932)
• 2003 – Hugo Young, British journalist (b. 1938)
• 2004 – Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (b. 1927)
• 2004 – Ray Traylor (The Big Boss Man), American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
• 2006 – Edward Albert, American actor (b. 1951)
• 2006 – Carla Benschop, Dutch basketball player (b. 1950)
• 2007 – Bodinho, Brazilian footballer (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (b. 1923)
• 2008 – Thomas Doerflein, German Zookeeper (b. 1963)

Holidays and observances

• American Business Women's Day (United States)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Candidus
  • Digna and Emerita
  • Emmeram of Regensburg
  • Maurice (Western Church)
  • Phocas
  • Salaberga
  • Theban Legion
  • Thomas of Villanova
  • September 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest date for the autumnal equinox:
  • French Republican New Year, the first day ("Grape") in the Month of Vendémiaire. (French Revolution)
  • Harvest Festival, celebrated on Harvest Moon, the full moon nearest to the autumnal equinox. (Britain)
  • Mabon in the northern hemisphere, Ostara in the southern hemisphere. (Neopagan Wheel of the Year)
  • The first day of Miķeļi (ancient Latvia)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Mali from France in 1960.
• OneWebDay
• Some Latter Day Saints recognise it as "Trumpet Day," or the day that Joseph Smith received the golden plates, which later became The Book of Mormon, from the angel Moroni.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada